A recent study suggests that the current situation of ships being stranded in the Gulf region due to the closure of the Strait of Hormuz could lead to a significant environmental threat known as a “super-spreader” event. The research, which was published in the journal Biological Invasions on July 22, highlights the potential risks associated with the accumulation of organisms such as algae, barnacles, and tunicates on stationary vessels in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman.
Lead author Mario Tamburri, a professor at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, emphasized the concerning implications of this situation, describing it as an ideal scenario for the spread of various species across different regions once the ships resume their journeys. It is estimated that approximately 1,500 ships are currently stalled in the Persian Gulf, with additional vessels stranded in the Gulf of Oman due to the ongoing closure of the strait amid the U.S.-Iran conflict.
The phenomenon of biofouling, where organisms accumulate on the hulls and surfaces of ships, could facilitate the spread of invasive species to ports worldwide if not managed effectively, as highlighted in the study. The prolonged stationary period of the ships, coupled with the challenging nature of cleaning hulls after extended idleness, raises concerns about the potential ecological impact of this situation.
Experts point out that the closure of the strait has created a “worst-case scenario” for the vessels, with many ships remaining stationary for extended periods, far exceeding the usual duration. The warm waters and conducive conditions for organism growth in the region further exacerbate the risk of a “super-spreader” event, potentially leading to the introduction of invasive species to new ecosystems.
While efforts to clean the vessels before they depart are essential, logistical challenges and safety concerns pose significant obstacles in managing the situation effectively. The study underscores the importance of addressing biofouling as a critical aspect of ecological conservation, noting that organisms can easily spread between ecosystems through ship transport, emphasizing the need for enhanced regulations and preventive measures to mitigate such risks in the future.
