The N.W.T. Department of Environment and Climate Change (ECC) has observed a decrease in bison road collisions in recent years. Between 2021 and 2025, there were 60 recorded collisions, whereas in 2026, only one collision has been reported. Bison ecologist Terry Armstrong attributes this decline partly to wildfires in the region.
Armstrong explains that fires alter bison behavior, prompting them to shift their habitat preferences. After a fire, bison are drawn to freshly burnt areas with regenerating vegetation, which attracts them. With significant areas affected by wildfires recently, more bison are opting for these recovering areas over roadsides, leading to fewer collisions.
This shift is positive news for the N.W.T. bison population, which is classified as a threatened species both regionally and nationally. The current bison population in the N.W.T. is estimated to be several thousand, with ECC approximating it at slightly over 2,500 individuals.
Collisions between 2021 and 2025 resulted in the deaths of at least 76 bison, according to ECC spokesperson Toyeke Adedipe. Most incidents occurred along Highway 3, with 45 collisions and 56 bison fatalities recorded in that area.
As rutting season approaches from August to September, Armstrong warns of potential encounters with aggressive bison on roads. During this mating season, bison engage in fights for dominance, which can lead to risky road encounters. Armstrong emphasizes the importance of cautious driving, especially during low visibility periods at dawn and dusk.
To minimize risks, drivers are advised to drive slowly, maintain distance from bison, refrain from honking, and never attempt to interact with them. Armstrong highlights the significance of respecting these iconic North American mammals, underscoring their uniqueness and historical presence in the region.
